How Did Lightning Kill More Than 300 Reindeer?3翻訳

New York Times　

How Did Lightning Kill More Than 300 Reindeer?
Trilobites
By NICHOLAS ST. FLEUR AUG. 30, 2016

Somewhere Santa is mourning.
何処かでサンタが喪に服している。

More than 300 reindeer were found dead in Norway on Friday, their bodies sprawled across a hillside on the Hardangervidda mountain plateau.
金曜日、3OO頭以上のトナカイが死んでいるのが発見された。彼らの体は、 Hardangervidda mountain高原の至る所に、手足を投げ出して横たわっていた。

Experts say that lightning most likely caused the grisly sight. But for many people who have seen images and video of the eerie scene that answer has raised some suspicion．専門家は、稲妻に非常に似通ったものが、空恐ろしい光景の原因だ。しかし不気味な現場の情景やヴィデオを目にした多くの人々にとって、その答えは、或る疑念を強くする事になった。

22:46 2016/08/31水

How could a lightning strike create so many casualties?
どのように落雷がこれ程多数の死傷カモシカを創出出来たのか？

“Lightning does not strike a point, it strikes an area,” said John Jensenius, a lightning safety specialist with the National Weather Service. “The physical flash you see strikes a point, but that lightning is radiating out as ground current and it’s very deadly.”
「稲妻は、一箇所を打たない。それは、一定の領域を打つ。」ジョン・ジェンシ一ニアス、国立ウェザ一サ一ヴィス勤務の稲妻安全専門委員は、語った。「皆さんよく御存知の閃光は、一箇所を打ちます。しかし当の稲妻は、地表の電流のように放射しています。」

21:22 2016/09/02金

It’s possible that a single bolt could have hit one or two reindeer directly, he said, but the majority of the carnage was caused by ground current. When the electric discharge touches down it spreads out in search of places to travel.The reindeer, with their four hooves on the grass, presented potential pathways where that current could flow.
たった一つのボルトが、一、二頭のカモシカを直撃し得た可能性がある、と彼は語った。しかし大虐殺の大半が地表の電流によって引き起こされた。放電が着地する時、それは駆け抜けるべき場所を捜し求めて拡散する。トナカイは、草地の上の四つの蹄で、電流が流れ得る潜在的な経路を提供した。

21:53 2016/09/03土

“The electricity would go up one leg of the body and stop the heart and go down and out another leg,” he said. “In an instant, of course.”

The same thing can and does happen to humans, Mr. Jensenius said, but animals are particularly vulnerable because they have more legs and their legs are further apart. The greater the distance between two legs, the greater the chance that electricity will try to flow through them, and the stronger that charge will be.

Though the reindeer were in a herd when they died they did not have to be touching to get electrocuted. They only had to be touching the ground within an area about 160 to 260 feet in diameter from where the strike or strikes hit. The 323 reindeer most likely dropped dead from cardiac arrest where they stood and did not go flying in the air, like in some movies. Mr. Jensenius said that it’s likely the lightning would have struck that location whether the reindeer were there or not.

He added that this case is unusual because of the large number of reindeer that were killed, but that it isn’t uncommon for livestock to be felled by lightning. The most cattle ever killed by lightning is 68 according to the Guinness World Record. There are also reports of lightning apparently striking many types of animals, including 53 pigs and 143 goats in China, 16 bulls in Scotland, a giraffe at Disney World, and even one historical account of two bolts killing 654 sheep in Utah.

Lightning is dangerous to people as well, and in June of this year more than 70 people in India were killed by lightning.

Mr. Jensenius said that we can learn from reindeer’s misfortune.

“It should be a lesson to the people as to what can happen in a thunderstorm,” he said. “When thunder roars, go indoors.”